Learning About Proteins. You probably know you need to eat protein, but what is it? Many foods contain protein (say: PRO- teen), but the best sources are beef, poultry, fish, eggs, dairy products, nuts, seeds, and legumes like black beans and lentils. Protein builds, maintains, and replaces the tissues in your body. We mean the stuff your body's made up of.) Your muscles, your organs, and your immune system are made up mostly of protein. Your body uses the protein you eat to make lots of specialized protein molecules that have specific jobs. For instance, your body uses protein to make hemoglobin (say: HEE- muh- glow- bin), the part of red blood cells that carries oxygen to every part of your body. Other proteins are used to build cardiac muscle. In fact, whether you're running or just hanging out, protein is doing important work like moving your legs, carrying oxygen to your body, and protecting you from disease. All About Amino Acids. When you eat foods that contain protein, the digestive juices in your stomach and intestine go to work. They break down the protein in food into basic units, called amino (say: uh- MEE- no) acids. The amino acids then can be reused to make the proteins your body needs to maintain muscles, bones, blood, and body organs. Proteins are sometimes described as long necklaces with differently shaped beads. Each bead is a small amino acid. These amino acids can join together to make thousands of different proteins. Scientists have found many different amino acids in protein, but 2. Of those 2. 2 amino acids, your body can make 1. Your body can't make the other nine amino acids, but you can get them by eating protein- rich foods. They are called essential amino acids because it's essential that you get them from the foods you eat. Summary of Important Health Benefits of Grassfed Meats, Eggs and Dairy. Lower in Fat and Calories. There are a number of nutritional differences. I have been advised by my primary physician to schedule a cardiac catherization and possible stent placement procedure after having a Nuclear Stress Test with the. Check the recommended daily fiber intake calculator to calculate the fiber in your diet. High fiber foods list added in daily fiber intake calculator. Robert Atkins; Born: Robert Coleman Atkins October 17, 1930 Columbus, Ohio, U.S. Died: April 17, 2003 (aged 72) New York City, New York, U.S. Robert Atkins (nutritionist) - Wikipedia. Robert Coleman Atkins (October 1. Although the success of Atkins' diet plan, weightloss books, and lifestyle company, Atkins Nutritionals, led Time to name the doctor one of the ten most influential people in 2. At the age of twelve, his family moved to Dayton, Ohio, where his father owned several restaurants. As a young teen, Atkins held various jobs, including a position selling shoes at the age of 1. He attended Fairview High School in Dayton and, in 1. After completing an internship at Strong Hospital in Rochester, New York and finishing his residency in cardiology and internal medicine at hospitals affiliated with Columbia University, Dr. Atkins specialized in cardiology and complementary medicine, and went on to open a private practice on the Upper East Side of New York City in 1. In 1. 96. 3, at a weight of 2. Dr. Pennington, who recommended removing all starch and sugar from meals. The article exploring the study of Pennington's work, titled . Gordon, Marshall Goldberg, and Grace J. Chosy, and advocated for the complete elimination of sugar from the diet and a marked increase in both fat and protein. While working as a medical consultant for AT& T, he even managed to help 6. Atkins' Diet Revolution in 1. By the early 1. 99. Atkins' New Diet Revolution in 1. A balanced diet, they argued, should not require a person to supplement his/ her meals with vitamins and other supplements. Other nutritionists studying the effects of low- carb dieting overall suggest that the extreme weight loss might be unrelated to the restriction of carbohydrate and is instead related to the natural calorie restriction that comes with the feeling of increased satiety in a high- fat diet. In numerous interviews, however, Atkins stated that his cardiac arrest was not the result of poor diet, but was rather caused by a chronic infection. Patrick Fratellone, confirmed this assertion, saying, . Fratellone treated Dr. Atkins from 1. 99. Atkins Center. He says Atkins suffered from cardiomyopathy, a chronic heart weakness. But this condition, he says, was caused by a virus. And I made the statement. Advanced Circulatory Systems produces products to improve the outcomes of cardiac resuscitation, circulatory shock and head trauma. Overview of kidney disease, including most common causes, and associated tests. I didn't want people to think that his diet caused his heart muscle . Clyde Yancy, a cardiologist at the University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center in Dallas and a member of the American Heart Association's national board of directors reported that . The American Heart Association clearly defines and shows the distinction between the two. Atkins died On April 1. At New York's Weill Cornell Medical Center, where he was admitted on April 8, he underwent surgery to remove a blood clot from his brain but went into a coma and died from complications. He spent nine days in intensive care before dying on April 1. It also noted that he weighed 2. Dr. Atkins weighed 1. It was subsequently purchased by North Castle Partners in 2. The Essential Atkins for Life Kit: The Next Level Pan Macmillan, 2. ISBN 0- 3. 30- 4. Atkins, Robert C.
Atkins' Diet Planner M. Evans and Company, 2. ISBN 0- 0. 9- 1. 89. Atkins, Robert C. Atkins for Life: The Next Level New York: St. ISBN 1- 4. 05. 0- 2. Atkins, Robert C. Atkins' New Diet Revolution New York: Avon Books, 2. ISBN 0- 0. 9- 1. 88. Atkins, Robert C. Atkins' New Diet Revolution M. Evans and Company, 2. Atkins, Robert C. Atkins' Age- Defying Diet St. Martin's Press, 2. Atkins, Robert C. Atkins' Vita- Nutrient Solution: Nature's Answers to Drugs Simon and Schuster, 1. Atkins, Robert C. Atkins' Quick & Easy New Diet Cookbook Simon and Schuster, 1. Atkins, Robert C. Atkins' New Carbohydrate Gram Counter. Evans and Company, 1. ISBN 0- 8. 71. 31- 8. Atkins, Robert C, Gare, Fran Dr. Atkins' New Diet Cookbook M. Evans and Company, 1. ISBN 0- 0. 9- 1. 88. Atkins, Robert C. Atkins' New Diet Revolution M. Evans and Company, 1. Atkins, Robert C. Atkins' Health Revolution Houghton Mifflin, 1. Atkins, Robert C. Atkins' Nutrition Breakthrough Bantam, 1. Atkins, Robert C. Atkins' Super. Energy Diet Cookbook Signet, 1. Atkins, Robert C. Atkins' Super. Energy Diet Bantam, 1. Atkins, Robert C. Atkins' Diet Cookbook Bantam, 1. Atkins, Robert C. Atkins' Diet Revolution Bantam, 1. Biography. Retrieved 3 July 2. Atkins, Author of Controversial but Best- Selling Diet Books, Is Dead at 7. The encyclopedia of American food and drink. Gale Biography In Context. Retrieved May 5, 2. Retrieved 6 July 2. Atkins, Author of Controversial but Best- Selling Diet Books, Is Dead at 7. Devised with the Guidance of Dr. Retrieved 4 October 2. American Heart Association. American Heart Association. Atkins's Health Problems. This deprives the organs and tissues of oxygen (carried in the blood) and allows the buildup of waste products. Shock can result in serious damage or even death. Description. There are three stages of shock: Stage I (also called compensated, or nonprogressive), Stage II (also called decompensated or progressive), and Stage III (also called irreversible). In Stage I of shock, when low blood flow (perfusion) is first detected, a number of systems are activated in order to maintain/restore perfusion. The result is that the heart beats faster, the blood vessels throughout the body become slightly smaller in diameter, and the kidney works to retain fluid in the circulatory system. All this serves to maximize blood flow to the most important organs and systems in the body. The patient in this stage of shock has very few symptoms, and treatment can completely halt any progression. In Stage II of shock, these methods of compensation begin to fail. The systems of the body are unable to improve perfusion any longer, and the patient's symptoms reflect that fact. Oxygen deprivation in the brain causes the patient to become confused and disoriented, while oxygen deprivation in the heart may cause chest pain. With quick and appropriate treatment, this stage of shock can be reversed. In Stage III of shock, the length of time that poor perfusion has existed begins to take a permanent toll on the body's organs and tissues. The heart's functioning continues to spiral downward, and the kidneys usually shut down completely. Cells in organs and tissues throughout the body are injured and dying. The endpoint of Stage III shock is the patient's death. Causes and symptoms. Shock is caused by three major categories of problems: cardiogenic (meaning problems associated with the heart's functioning); hypovolemic (meaning that the total volume of blood available to circulate is low); and septic shock (caused by overwhelming infection, usually by bacteria). Cardiogenic shock can be caused by any disease, or event, which prevents the heart muscle from pumping strongly and consistently enough to circulate the blood normally. Heart attack, conditions which cause inflammation of the heart muscle (myocarditis), disturbances of the electrical rhythm of the heart, any kind of mass or fluid accumulation and/or blood clot which interferes with flow out of the heart can all significantly affect the heart's ability to adequately pump a normal quantity of blood. Hypovolemic shock occurs when the total volume of blood in the body falls well below normal. This can occur when there is excess fluid loss, as in dehydration due to severe vomiting or diarrhea, diseases which cause excess urination (diabetes insipidus, diabetes mellitus, and kidney failure), extensive burns, blockage in the intestine, inflammation of the pancreas (pancreatitis), or severe bleeding of any kind. Septic shock can occur when an untreated or inadequately treated infection (usually bacterial) is allowed to progress. Bacteria often produce poisonous chemicals (toxins) which can cause injury throughout the body. When large quantities of these bacteria, and their toxins, begin circulating in the bloodstream, every organ and tissue in the body is at risk of their damaging effects. The most damaging consequences of these bacteria and toxins include poor functioning of the heart muscle; widening of the diameter of the blood vessels; a drop in blood pressure; activation of the blood clotting system, causing blood clots, followed by a risk of uncontrollable bleeding; damage to the lungs, causing acute respiratory distress syndrome; liver failure; kidney failure; and coma. Initial symptoms of shock include cold, clammy hands and feet; pale or blue- tinged skin tone; weak, fast pulse rate; fast rate of breathing; low blood pressure. A variety of other symptoms may be present, but they are dependent on the underlying cause of shock. Diagnosis. Diagnosis of shock is based on the patient's symptoms, as well as criteria including a significant drop in blood pressure, extremely low urine output, and blood tests that reveal overly acidic blood with a low circulating concentration of carbon dioxide. Other tests are performed, as appropriate, to try to determine the underlying condition responsible for the patient's state of shock. Treatment. The most important goals in the treatment of shock include: quickly diagnosing the patient's state of shock; quickly intervening to halt the underlying condition (stopping bleeding, re- starting the heart, giving antibiotics to combat an infection, etc.); treating the effects of shock (low oxygen, increased acid in the blood, activation of the blood clotting system); and supporting vital functions (blood pressure, urine flow, heart function). Treatment includes keeping the patient warm, with legs raised and head down to improve blood flow to the brain, putting a needle in a vein in order to give fluids or blood transfusions, as necessary; giving the patient extra oxygen to breathe and medications to improve the heart's functioning; and treating the underlying condition which led to shock. Prognosis. The prognosis of an individual patient in shock depends on the stage of shock when treatment was begun, the underlying condition causing shock, and the general medical state of the patient. Prevention. The most preventable type of shock is caused by dehydration during illnesses with severe vomiting or diarrhea. Shock can be avoided by recognizing that a patient who is unable to drink in order to replace lost fluids needs to be given fluids intravenously (through a needle in a vein). Other types of shock are only preventable insofar as one can prevent their underlying conditions, or can monitor and manage those conditions well enough so that they never progress to the point of shock. Resources. Periodicals. Kerasote, Ted. It is marked by hypotension and coldness of the skin, and often by tachycardia and anxiety. Untreated shock can be fatal. Called also circulatory collapse. Mechanisms of Circulatory Shock. The essentials of shock are easier to understand if the circulatory system is thought of as a four- part mechanical device made up of a pump (the heart), a complex system of flexible tubes (the blood vessels), a circulating fluid (the blood), and a fine regulating system or “computer” (the nervous system) designed to control fluid flow and pressure. The diameter of the blood vessels is controlled by impulses from the nervous system which cause the muscular walls to contract. The nervous system also affects the rapidity and strength of the heartbeat, and thereby the blood pressure as well. Shock, which is associated with a dangerously low blood pressure, can be produced by factors that attack the strength of the heart as a pump, decrease the volume of the blood in the system, or permit the blood vessels to increase in diameter. Types of Circulatory Shock. There are five main types: Hypovolemic (low- volume) shock occurs whenever there is insufficient blood to fill the circulatory system. Neurogenic shock is due to disorders of the nervous system. Anaphylactic (allergic) shock and septic shock are both due to reactions that impair the muscular functioning of the blood vessels. And cardiogenic shock is caused by impaired function of the heart. Hypovolemic (Low- Volume) Shock. This is a common type that happens when blood or plasma is lost in such quantities that the remaining blood cannot fill the circulatory system despite constriction of the blood vessels. The blood loss may be external, as when a vessel is severed by an injury, or the blood may be “lost” into spaces inside the body where it is no longer accessible to the circulatory system, as in severe gastrointestinal bleeding from ulcers, fractures of large bones with hemorrhage into surrounding tissues, or major burns that attract large quantities of blood fluids to the burn site outside blood vessels and capillaries. The treatment of hypovolemic shock requires replacement of the lost volume. Neurogenic Shock. This type, often accompanied by fainting, may be brought on by severe pain, fright, unpleasant sights, or other strong stimuli that overwhelm the usual regulatory capacity of the nervous system. The diameter of the blood vessels increases, the heart slows, and the blood pressure falls to the point where the supply of oxygen carried by the blood to the brain is insufficient, which can bring on fainting. Placing the head lower than the body is usually sufficient to relieve this form of shock. Anaphylactic (Allergic) Shock. This type (see also anaphylaxis) is a rare phenomenon that occurs when a person receives an injection of a foreign protein but is highly sensitive to it. The blood vessels and other tissues are affected directly by the allergic reaction. Within a few minutes, the blood pressure falls and severe dyspnea develops. The sudden deaths that in rare cases follow bee stings or injection of certain medicines are due to anaphylactic reactions. Septic Shock. This type, resulting from bacterial infection, is being recognized with increasing frequency. Certain organisms contain a toxin that seems to act on the blood vessels when it is released into the bloodstream. The blood eventually pools within parts of the circulatory system that expand easily, causing the blood pressure to drop sharply. Gram- negative shock is a form of septic shock due to infection with gram- negative bacteria. Cardiogenic Shock. This type may be caused by conditions that interfere with the function of the heart as a pump, such as severe myocardial infarction, severe heart failure, and certain disorders of rate and rhythm. Pathogenesis of shock. Without modification the term refers to absolute hypovolemic shock caused by acute hemorrhage or excessive fluid loss. Relative hypovolemic shock refers to a situation in which the blood volume is normal but insufficient because of widespread vasodilation as in neurogenic shock or septic shock.
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